Excavatob



UNITE JAMES BOURBIN, 0F SANFRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

EXCAVATOR.

speciacation of Letters Patent N. 15,875, dated october 14, 1856.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, JAMES BoUnBIN, of the city and county of SanFrancisco and State of California, have invented a new and usefulMachine for Grading and Excavating, to be called an EXcavator; and I dohereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and eXactdescription ofthe` construction and operation of the same, referencebeing had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification,in which-4 Letter A is a perspective4 view, letter B is a longitudinalsection, A being the left, and B the right section, the machinerevolving horizontally from right to left, or contrary to the course ofthe sun, letter C is a ground plan, letter D is the driving wheel andpinlon.

In letter A, W is the body wheel, 2 the hub or pillar of the wheel W, gs are the guides, 3 the ring from which the shovels work, X on the leftthe slide, fastened to the shovel handle and working on the guides, 0 0the rest-hoop in two parts, 4L the stay that supports the hoop o 0, 7the hoop to strengthen the guides, 6 the pinion, N6 the crank, X on theright the shovel turned, N1 the truck.

In letter B g s the guides, as at letter A, H, H the bend, or gooseneckof the guides, by means of which the shovels are emptied, z' the shovelemptying, s' the pivot on which the machine revolves, 4L the rest hoopstay, 5 thegage rod by which the gage or front half of the rest hoop israised or lowered, 7 the hoop that strengthens the guides.

In letter C, N1 the floor of the truck, X s are the shovels, 0 0 therest hoop in two parts, j the joints of the rest hoop, 8 the ring fromwhich the shovels work, 7 the hoop to strengthen the guides.

In letter D, 2 is the hub or pillar of the body wheel, 6 the pinionwhich drives the cog wheel D, y' the joints of the rest hoop not in D,but in letter A.

To build one of these machines, I first construct a truck similar to arailroad truck, but having the front end simicircular or three square,as at N1 letter C. I describe a circle on the floor of the trucksomething less than the width of the truck, its center being the pivot Sletter B, inside this circle at equal Ydistances I insert small rollersto steady the body wheel W, letter A when revolving, I then set a socketor thirnble in the truck, at the distance of half the width of thetruck, from the front, to receive the pivot S letter B. I then constructthe body wheel W, letter A, having for its hub, or center, the pillar 2,letter A, on the underside" ofthe rim or felly of the wheel W, I fastenthe cog wheel D, letter D, as at w letter A, and on the upper side oftherim of the body Wheel, and at equal distances I set on the guides g sas at letters A and B, these guides are curved, so as to form a segmentof circle from the shoulder of the pillar, as at X on the left, letterA, and bent at the top in a line with the rim of the body wheel, to formwhat is usually called a gooseneck, these guides have a hoop fastened tothe top of them to give strength, as at 7 letters A B and C, I thenattach my shovels by means of hooks as at 3 letter A, these the heads ofthe shovels are fastened to the handles in front, or at right angles tothe handles, and have a cutter or pick fastened to, and projecting outfrom them as at p, letter C, these shovels work on the guides up anddown, and are con lined to the guides, by slides fastened to the handlesof the shovels, as at X on the left` letter A, to lift and lower theshovels, I provide a hoop with the diameter considerably larger than thewidth of the truck, so as to set outside and be clear of the machine,this hoop being two parts, and having joints on a line across with thepivot of the machine as at j letters A and C, at these joints it issupported by two braces, fastened to the truck, and projecting out andabove the floor of the truck, as at 7' letter A, this hoop is inclinedto the back of the machine, and supported in that position, by a stay`set on the floor of the truck, as at 4t letter A, the front half ofthis rest hoop, serves also as a gage to direct the shovels in digging,this gage is raised orlowered by a rod fastened to it, and led to behindthe machine above the fioor of the truck, as at 5 letter B. As themachine revolves, the shovels are filled in front, and are driven up theguides, by the force of the machine against the rest hoop, and aredriven around, on the rest hoop by the resistance of the` guides, thedigging and heaving being done by the guides, while the lifting isperformed bythe rest hoop as at letter A.

The machine is driven by a cog wheel fastened'to and forming a part ofthe body wheel as at fw letter A, and worked by a pinion-set on a shaft,the shaft having a pliainces by which 'the shovels, are directed Crankto which the power is applied. in their different movements, as hereindel/Vhat I claim as my invention and desire scribed. to secure byLetters Patent, is- JAMES BOURBIN. 5 The application of any number ofshovels Witnesses:

required, and Working from one center, on RoBT. H. TATE, the circularprinciple, also the different ap- STEPHEN PARET.

